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AUTHOR
Eric P. Prostko
Professor and Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. Influence of Nozzle Type on Peanut Weed Control Systems
  2. Peanuts and Cotton in Georgia
  3. New Technologies
  4. Nozzle Type Classification by Droplet Size
  5. VMD for Common Nozzle Types
  6. Nozzle Size and Efficacy
  7. Grower Realities
  8. Research Question and Hypothesis
  9. Materials and Methods Bare Ground Study
  10. Results- Bare Ground
  11. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Bare Ground Study
  12. Treatment Effects on AMAPA Control - Bare Ground - 13 DAT
  13. Influence of Nozzle Type on Annual Grass Control - Bare Ground
  14. Treatment Effects on Annual Grass Control - Bare Ground - 13 DAT
  15. Nozzle Type Effects on Paraquat + Acifluorfen + Bentazon + S-metolachlor - bare-ground - 13 DAT.
  16. Materials and Methods Peanut Trials
  17. Treatments
  18. Results - Peanut Trial
  19. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Peanut - 21 DAT(Tifton)
  20. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Peanut - 48 DAT(Tifton)
  21. Nozzle Type Effects on Peanut Weed Control - Tifton (Paraquat/Imazapic System)
  22. Nozzle Type Effects on Peanut Weed Control - Tifton (Paraquat/Lactofen System)
  23. Influence of Nozzle Type on Peanut Yield - Tifton
  24. Summary
  25. Hypothesis
  26. Future Research
  27. Questions?



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. Influence of Nozzle Type on Peanut Weed Control Systems O.W. Carter* and E.P. Prostko Department of Crop & Soil Sciences
  2. Peanuts and Cotton in Georgia 315,000 hectares harvested in 2015 49.5% of US Total 453,000 hectares harvested in 2015 13.6% of US Total Source: USDA/NASS, Crop Production (January 2016)
  3. New Technologies 2,4-D and dicamba-resistant crops Application requirements Nozzle requirements!!!!
  4. Nozzle Type Classification by Droplet Size 1Estimated from sample reference graph in ASBAE/ANSI/ASAE Standard S572.1 2VMD = Volume median diameter
  5. 11002DG VMD50 = 322 (M) AIXR 11002 VMD50 = 402 (C) TTI 02 VMD50 = 524 (XC) VMD for Common Nozzle Types ?
  6. Nozzle Size and Efficacy Typically, smaller droplet sizes are recommended for contact herbicides because thorough coverage essential for adequate control Decreased control of broadleaf signalgrass and common cocklebur when using contact herbicides: glufosinate and paraquat. (Etheridge et al. 2001).
  7. Grower Realities
  8. Research Question and Hypothesis Research Question: Will nozzle type have an influence on peanut weed control systems? Hypothesis: The efficacy of contact herbicides, such as acifluorfen, paraquat, and lactofen, will be reduced when using a nozzle that provides a very coarse to ultra coarse droplet
  9. Materials and Methods Bare Ground Study Site: Ponder Research Farm- Tifton, GA 3 nozzle types: 11002DG, AIXR 11002, TTI02 4 Treatments: 1. Imazapic + 2,4-DB + S-metolachlor (S-moc) 2. Paraquat + Bentazon + Acifluorfen + S-moc 3. Lactofen + 2,4-DB + S-moc 4. Acifluorfen + 2,4-DB + S-moc 3 replications Application Equipment: Backpack sprayer, 262 kPa, 4.83 km/h, 50-cm nozzle spacing, 50-cm boom height
  10. Results- Bare Ground
  11. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Bare Ground Study P = 0.6346 P = 0.5662 P = 0.7183 *Averaged over all treatments
  12. Treatment Effects on AMAPA Control - Bare Ground - 13 DAT LSD (0.10) = 7 *Averaged over all nozzle types
  13. Influence of Nozzle Type on Annual Grass Control - Bare Ground P > 0.41 *Averaged over all treatments
  14. Treatment Effects on Annual Grass Control - Bare Ground - 13 DAT LSD (0.10) = 22 *Averaged over all nozzle types
  15. Nozzle Type Effects on Paraquat + Acifluorfen + Bentazon + S-metolachlor - bare-ground - 13 DAT. AIXR11002 TTI02 11002DG
  16. Materials and Methods Peanut Trials 2 locations Ponder Farm, Tifton, GA Attapulgus Research Station 3 Nozzle Types- 11002DG, AIXR 11002, TTI02 4 replications at each location Planting Date: Tifton- Apr 27, 2015 Attapulgus- May 4, 2015 Application equipment- backpack sprayer 262 kPa, 4.83 km/h, 50-cm nozzle spacing, 50-cm boom height
  17. Treatments Flumioxazin System Flumioxazin+ Diclosulam (PRE) + Imazapic or lactofen (POST) + S-metolachlor + 2,4-DB (POST) Paraquat System Paraquat + Bentazon+ Acifluorfen + S-metolachlor (EPOST) + Imazapic or lactofen (POST) + S-metolachlor + 2,4-DB (POST) *Pendimethalin applied PRE with all treatments *EPOST-15 DAP *POST- 42 DAP
  18. Results – Peanut Trial
  19. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Peanut - 21 DAT(Tifton) P = 0.6254 After PRE + EPOST *Averaged over all treatments
  20. Influence of Nozzle Type on AMAPA Control in Peanut - 48 DAT(Tifton) P = 0.7146 After PRE + EPOST+ POST *Averaged over all treatments
  21. Nozzle Type Effects on Peanut Weed Control – Tifton (Paraquat/Imazapic System) PE-05A-15 July 29 90 DAP NTC 11002DG AIXR 11002 TTI 02
  22. Nozzle Type Effects on Peanut Weed Control – Tifton (Paraquat/Lactofen System) PE-05A-15 July 29 90 DAP NTC AIXR 11002
  23. Influence of Nozzle Type on Peanut Yield - Tifton P = 0.6051 *Averaged over all treatments
  24. Summary Nozzle type had no effect on Palmer amaranth control or annual grass control in bare ground study Nozzle type had no effect on Palmer amaranth control or yield in peanut trial
  25. Hypothesis The efficacy of contact herbicides, such as paraquat and lactofen, will be reduced when using a nozzle that provides a very coarse to ultra coarse droplet. Berger et al. (2014) found that lactofen efficacy in field was not reduced when using AI nozzle types (Peanut Science 41:120-123) Ramsdale and Messersmith (2001) found that paraquat efficacy is not reduced when using drift-reducing nozzles as compared to conventional flat fan nozzles (Weed Technology 15:453-460). Other studies have shown reduced efficacy with reduced coverage Etheridge et al. 2001 Weed Technology 15:75-80 McKinlay et al. 1974 Weed Science 22:31-34
  26. Future Research Repeating tests in 2016 On-farm test using commercial sprayer 10+ MPH Boom height
  27. Questions?