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2006: Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Update in Georgia

AUTHOR
Stanley Culpepper
Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia
Tifton, GA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. 2006: Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Update in Georgia
  2. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth in Georgia
  3. WeatherMax 22 oz, 2 d after application to 16 inch Palmer
  4. WeatherMax 33 oz/A
  5. WeatherMax 66 oz/A
  6. WeatherMax 132 oz/A
  7. WeatherMax 264 oz/A
  8. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Infesting RR Cotton
  9. Progression of Herbicide Resistance - Year 1
  10. Progression of Herbicide Resistance - Year 2 and 3
  11. Progression of Herbicide Resistance - Year 4 and 5
  12. Why do we have resistance?
  13. Palmer Amaranth characteristics
  14. Palmer Amaranth characteristics
  15. Dispersal Study
  16. Dispersal Study
  17. Dispersal Study
  18. Dispersal Study
  19. Locations Spring 2006
  20. Locations Fall 2006
  21. Confirmed Summer of 2006
  22. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth in Georgia
  23. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth
  24. WeatherMax 88 oz
  25. Commonly Used ALS Herbicides
  26. ALS-Resistant pigweed has been identified in at least 4 counties!
  27. 2005 ALS-Resistant Pigweed Survey - 60 samples, 21 counties
  28. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth
  29. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth
  30. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by PRE cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006.
  31. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by PRE cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006.
  32. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Control. 27 days after treatment.
  33. Comparing Palmer control by yellow herbicides applied PRE vs. PPI. Attapulgus, GA 2006.
  34. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of POT cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006.
  35. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of POT cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006.
  36. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of Layby cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006.
  37. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of Layby cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006.
  38. Manage glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton
  39. Delay glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with heavy Palmer infestations
  40. Delay glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with light Palmer infestations
  41. Prowl PRE, Roundup POST Twice, compared to Prowl PRE, Ignite POST Twice
  42. Ignite (22 oz) at 2 inch, Direx + MSMA PD, compared to Ignite (22 oz) at 5 inch, Direx + MSMA PD
  43. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Management
  44. New Chemistries or Management Optings Coming?
  45. Act Now if you want MSMA
  46. Questions



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. 2006: Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Update in Georgia
  2. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth in Georgia How we got it? Where is it at? How to mange it if you have it. How to delay getting it.
  3. WeatherMax 22 oz, 2 d after application to 16 inch Palmer
  4. WeatherMax 33 oz/A
  5. WeatherMax 66 oz/A
  6. WeatherMax 132 oz/A
  7. WeatherMax 264 oz/A
  8. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Infesting RR Cotton
  9. Progression of Herbicide Resistance
  10. Progression of Herbicide Resistance
  11. Progression of Herbicide Resistance
  12. Why do we have resistance? Depend on a single management tactic Monoculture production systems Low use rates of a specific herbicide Applications in stressed situations Conservation tillage
  13. Palmer Amaranth Typical 400,000 to 600,000 seed per plant Extremely competitive
  14. Palmer Amaranth Typical 400,000 to 600,000 seed per plant Extremely competitive Male and female plants Pollen from male to female to produce progeny Resistant male pollen pollinates sensitive female (>50% offspring resistant in initial work)
  19. Locations Spring 2006
  20. Fall Locations 2006 Confirmed Summer of 2006
  21. Fall Locations 2006 Confirmed Summer of 2006
  22. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth in Georgia How we got it? Where is it at? How to mange it if you have it. How to delay getting it.
  23. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth 1. Controlling emerged pigweed plants 2. Controlling it with residual herbicides
  24. WeatherMax 88 oz at 1 inch WeatherMax 88 oz at 4 inch WeatherMax 88 oz at 12 inch
  25. Commonly Used ALS Herbicides Accent Ally Beacon Cadre Classic Envoke Exceed Express Finesse FirstRate Harmony Extra Osprey Peak Permit/Sandea Pursuit Python Scepter Staple Strongarm All have the same mode of action!!!!!!!
  26. ALS-Resistant pigweed has been identified in at least 4 counties!
  27. 2005 ALS-Resistant Pigweed Survey 60 samples, 21 counties
  28. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth Controlling emerged pigweed plants 1. Staple is really our only topical treatment for glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton but must be used very carefully and very timely (1-2 inch Palmer). 2. Apply only one ALS per year and you must use in a system with numerous other herbicide chemistries.
  29. Managing Resistant Palmer Amaranth Controlling plants with residual herbicides OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS ON RESIDUALS! 1. Application rates 2. Timeliness 3. Application procedures 4. Rainfall for activation 5. Too much rainfall causes herbicides to breakdown
  30. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by PRE cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006. % 98 a 74 c 66 cd 61 d 76 c Reflex 87b Cotoran Caparol Direx Staple Prowl Reflex =1 pt/A; Cotoran 3 pt/A, Direx 2 pt/A, Caparol 3 pt/A, Prowl H20 2 pt/A, Staple 1.7 fl oz
  31. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by PRE cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006. % 85 a 73 b 76 b 49 c 86 a Reflex 86b Cotoran Caparol Direx Staple Prowl Reflex =1 pt/A; Cotoran 3 pt/A, Direx 2 pt/A, Caparol 3 pt/A, Prowl H20 2 pt/A, Staple 1.7 fl oz
  32. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Control. 27 days after treatment. 99 a 96 a Percent 82 bc Cotoran Staple Reflex Prowl Prowl Prowl PRE APPLICATION
  33. Comparing Palmer control by yellow herbicides applied PRE vs. PPI. Attapulgus, GA 2006.* 94 a 98 a Percent 99 18 day 39 day 75 day 84 b 0 b 99 *Treflan 1.5 pt/a; Prowl H20 2.5 pt/A.
  34. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of POT cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006. % 83 ab 73 bc 87 a 53 d Dual Mag 1pt 67 c Stalwart 1 pt Staple 1.7 fl oz Stalwart 1.5 pt Envoke 0.1 oz
  35. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of POT cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006. % 84 a 83 a 86 a 75 b Dual Mag 1pt 87 a Stalwart 1 pt Staple 1.7 fl oz Stalwart 1.5 pt Envoke 0.1 oz
  36. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of Layby cotton herbicides. 31 DAT. GA, 2006. % 100 a 52 d 81 b 78 bc Direx 2 pt 88 b Caparol 2 pt Layby Pro 2 pt Linex 2 pt Suprend 1 lb/A Valor 1.5 oz 68 c
  37. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer control by residual control of Layby cotton herbicides. 26 DAT. NC, 2006. % 93 a 65c 74 b 73 b Direx 2 pt 95 a Caparol 2 pt Layby Pro 2 pt Linex 2 pt Suprend 1 lb/A Valor 1.5 oz 61 c
  38. Manage glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton* *Staple will not control ALS-resistant Palmer. Sequence can be used as the glyphosate + Dual mixture. Yellow = Prowl or Treflan type products. Broadcast herbicide applications.
  39. DELAY glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with HEAVY Palmer infestations* *Staple will not control ALS resistant Palmer, make only one Staple application per year. May use Sequence for glyphosate + Dual mixture. Yellow = Prowl or Treflan type products.
  40. *Staple will not control ALS-resistant Palmer. Sequence can be used as the glyphosate + Dual mixture. Yellow = Prowl or Treflan type products. DELAY glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with LIGHT Palmer infestations*
  41. Prowl PRE, Roundup POST Twice Prowl PRE, Ignite POST Twice
  42. Ignite (22 oz) at 2 inch Ignite (22 oz) at 2 inch Direx + MSMA PD Ignite (22 oz) at 5 inch Ignite (22 oz) at 5 inch Direx + MSMA PD
  43. Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Management Diversity -herbicide selection -cropping system -cultural practices such as tillage Monitor and be aware! Three to five year plan!!!!
  44. NEW CHEMISTRIES OR MANAGEMENT OPTINGS COMING?
  45. ACT NOW IF YOU WANT MSMA August 10 EPA notified us that all us of MSMA and DSMA are ineligible for re-registration If this stands there will be no use in cotton or turf Dec 13 Deadline: http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2006/August/Day-09p12905.htm
  46. Questions